The Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Pecto-Intercostal Fascial Plain Block Versus Lidocaine Infusion on Acute and Chronic Post-thoracotomy Pain; A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Chronic pain is a common complication after cardiothoracic surgery. The prevalence of post-thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS) ranges from 33% to 91%. Exact pathogenetic mechanisms for developing chronic pain after thoracotomy are unknown. Apart from intraoperative nerve damage and subsequent postoperative neuropathic pain, operation techniques, age, sex, pre-existing pain, genetic and psychosocial factors, severe postoperative pain, and analgesic management are suspected to have an impact on the development of PTPS .
• age between 18 and 75 years.
• patient scheduled to undergo elective on-pump cardiac surgery with sternotomy.
• American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of physical status \< IV.