A Single-arm, Open-label Clinical Study on the Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of in Vivo CAR-T (U96) in the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Tumors
This study is a single-arm, open-label clinical investigation to evaluate the tolerance, safety and preliminary efficacy of CAR-T (U96) in the treatment of relapsed/refractory B-cell tumors. The study will be conducted in two disease types, acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma, with a dose escalation plan using the 3+3 method. Each dose group is planned to enroll 3 to 6 patients, with a total of approximately 30 to 48 patients to be enrolled in the entire study. After signing the informed consent form, patients will undergo screening tests. If they meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, they will be enrolled in the study. After receiving U96 treatment, patients will be followed up. It is recommended that they stay in the hospital for at least 14 days after administration. Safety and efficacy follow-ups will be conducted at 28 days and 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after treatment. The follow-up period after treatment will last for 2 years, with a long-term follow-up of 15 years to assess the efficacy and safety until the end of the study or the patient withdraws from the study. For patients who have received U96 treatment, even if they withdraw from the study early, the investigators should still conduct long-term safety follow-ups according to the protocol to evaluate the long-term safety of the product.
• (All the following items must be met simultaneously)
‣ Patients must voluntarily sign the informed consent form and have good compliance;
⁃ For different indications, patients must meet the following requirements:
‣ 2-1) Patients in the acute B lymphoblastic leukemia group:
∙ The age at signing the informed consent form is ≥ 18 years old, both male and female are acceptable;
∙ According to the standards of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Clinical Practice Guidelines (2024, 2nd Edition), it is clearly diagnosed as acute B lymphoblastic leukemia;
∙ According to the Chinese Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines (2021 Edition), one of the following conditions must be met: a. Refractory leukemia: standard induction therapy fails to achieve CR/CRi after (generally referring to 4-week regimen or Hyper-CVAD regimen) completion; b. Leukemia recurrence: patients who have achieved CR have peripheral blood or bone marrow with blast cells (proportion \> 5%) or MRD positive or extramedullary lesions; 2-2) Patients in the B-cell lymphoma group:
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• The age at signing the informed consent form is ≥ 18 years old, both male and female are acceptable;
∙ According to the standards of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) B-cell lymphoma clinical practice guidelines (2024, 3rd Edition), it is clearly diagnosed as B-cell lymphoma;
∙ Patients with B-cell lymphoma who have failed at least two-line treatment (one standardized chemotherapy regimen + one salvage chemotherapy) or have relapsed before screening. The previous treatment of B-cell lymphoma must include CD20 monoclonal antibody (excluding CD20-negative tumor patients) and anthracycline-based standardized treatment regimen. At least one of the following conditions must be met: a. Unable to undergo autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; b. Refuse to undergo autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; c. Relapse after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation;
∙ At screening, the patient is in a state of disease recurrence or refractory: a) Recurrence definition: after adequate treatment achieving remission (including partial remission (PR) or complete remission (CR)), PD again occurs; b) Refractoriness definition: i. No response to the last treatment: PD during/after the last treatment or the best efficacy is SD, and the duration is less than 6 months; ii. Recurrence or progression after ASCT (requiring biopsy confirmation), including: recurrence or PD within 12 months after ASCT, if salvage treatment is received, no response (SD or PD) to the last treatment;
⁃ Bone marrow or peripheral blood or immunohistochemistry or pathology shows CD19 antigen positive;
⁃ According to the Lugano Lymphoma Response Evaluation Criteria (Cheson 2014), B-cell lymphoma patients have at least one evaluable lesion, or positive lesions confirmed by PET-CT;
⁃ Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score is 0-3;
⁃ At screening, there is a certain degree of bone marrow reserve, defined as: absolute lymphocyte value (ALC) ≥ 0.3×109/L, platelet (PLT) ≥ 30×109/L (allowing the result after administration);
⁃ Have appropriate organ function, and need to meet the following standards: aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN); alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 3 times ULN (for liver function abnormalities caused by tumor infiltration, AST and ALT ≤ 5 times ULN are required); total serum bilirubin The serum bilirubin should be ≤ 2 times the ULN, except for those with Gilbert syndrome who have a combined condition; the total bilirubin should be ≤ 3 times the ULN and the direct bilirubin should be ≤ 1.5 times the ULN. Patients with Gilbert syndrome who meet these criteria can be included. The serum creatinine should be ≤ 1.5 times the ULN, or the creatinine clearance rate should be ≥ 60 mL/min (Cockcroft and Gault formula); possess the lowest level of pulmonary reserve, defined as ≤ 1 grade of dyspnea and a blood oxygen saturation \> 91% in non-oxygenated state; left ventricular ejection fraction of the left heart in echocardiography should be ≥ 50%; International Normalized Ratio (INR) should be ≤ 1.5 times the ULN, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) should be ≤ 1.5 times the ULN;
⁃ The blood/urine pregnancy test for women of childbearing age during the screening period should be negative. Any male or female patient with reproductive capacity must agree to use an effective contraceptive method throughout the study process and for at least 1 year after the administration of the study treatment;
⁃ The expected survival period should be greater than 3 months.