• Patient should have the following:

• Patient with:

• Cerebral infarction (CI) proven by neuro-imaging (MRI or head-CT), immediately once the neurologic deficit is stabilized (investigator judgement) if the patient was on antiplatelet agent monotherapy after the qualifying event, or after 21 days if the patient was on clopidogrel plus aspirin after the qualifying event, or after 21 to 30 days if the patient was on ticagrelor plus aspirin after the qualifying event (TIA with documented ischemic lesion (MRI or CT) in the appropriate area corresponding to the symptoms will be considered CI, following the current definition)

• Or TIA lasting more 10 minutes or more (with motor symptoms or aphasia/dysarthria or visual defect), with total resolution and no brain lesion on neuro-imaging (TIA) and with ipsilateral carotid stenosis that was revascularized (endarterectomy or stenting) or with ipsilateral, potentially causal intracranial stenosis ≥70%) if the patient was on antiplatelet agent monotherapy after the qualifying event, or after 21 days if the patient was on clopidogrel plus aspirin after the qualifying event, or after 21 to 30 days if the patient was on ticagrelor plus aspirin after the qualifying event

• and documented atherosclerotic stenosis:

∙ presence of carotid atherosclerotic stenosis (on the basis of carotid duplex, CTA, MRA, XRA - only the report will be required to document atherosclerotic disease) ipsilateral to the cerebral ischemic symptoms (stenosis defined by luminal narrowing ≥30%, judgement of the investigator)

‣ or presence of atherosclerotic stenosis of another cerebral artery (documented vertebral artery stenosis, basilar artery stenosis, other intracranial artery stenosis) ipsilateral to the ischemic area (stenosis defined by luminal narrowing ≥30%, judgement of the investigator)

‣ or presence of atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch with a plaque ≥4mm in thickness with or without superimposed thrombus, or a plaque \<4 mm with a superimposed mobile thrombus (detected by transesophageal echocardiography or CT angiography)

• with no clear indication of colchicine treatment (gout, Mediterranean fever) and with an indication to long-term antiplatelet therapy (no clear indication to oral anticoagulant)

• age equal or above 18

• Rankin score less than ≤4 (ranges from 0 to 6, with 0 indicating no symptoms, 1 no disability, 2 to 3 needing some help with daily activities, 4 to 5 dependent or bedridden, and 6 death),

• fully informed and signed inform consent

• with social security number.

• medical examination before the participation to the research

⁃ Under contraception in case of childbearing potential (highly effective: 1) combined (estrogen and progestogen containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation et 2) progestogen-only).

⁃ Pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential