Learn About AIDS Dysmorphic Syndrome

What is the definition of AIDS Dysmorphic Syndrome?
AIDS dysmorphic syndrome, also known as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) embryopathy, refers to facial malformations in infants believed to be caused by acquired perinatal (before, during, or after birth) HIV infection; however, researchers are not certain that perinatal infection with the HIV virus is actually the cause, as there may be other causes, such as alcohol or drug use.
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What are the symptoms of AIDS Dysmorphic Syndrome?
Symptoms of AIDS dysmorphic syndrome are characterized by craniofacial abnormalities, such as a small head (microcephaly), a protruding, box-like forehead, wide or slanted eyes, long eyelid folds, blue sclera (whites of eyes), flattened nasal bridge, large philtrum (groove between nose and lip), and growth retardation. Infants infected with HIV may also experience HIV-associated symptoms, such as recurring opportunistic infections, rashes, hepatitis, kidney or heart failure, pneumonia, lymphomas, and progressive neurological dysfunction.
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What are the current treatments for AIDS Dysmorphic Syndrome?
Treatment for AIDS dysmorphic syndrome is individualized and is conducted by a multidisciplinary team, including a pediatric specialist in HIV infection. The craniofacial abnormalities associated with AIDS dysmorphic syndrome may be treated symptomatically. HIV infection in infants with AIDS dysmorphic syndrome may include the use of combined antiretroviral therapies, such as zidovudine (ZDV) with didanosine or lamivudine and a protease inhibitor. Intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, and antibiotics may be administered to prevent opportunistic infections.
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What are the latest AIDS Dysmorphic Syndrome Clinical Trials?
The Role of Neurofilament Light (NfL) in Management of Patients With Hydrocephalus: A Pilot Study

Summary: Neurofilament Light Chain Protein (NfL) has been found by many studies as a sensitive biomarker of neuronal damage from several reasons, e.g. neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, etc.), inflamation (HIV) or trauma. Its role as biomarker thus offers a possibility to predict and manage diseases associated with neuronal damage. Therefore our aim is to investigate the c...

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Inhibition of Reverse Transcription in Type I Interferon Mediated Neuropathology

Summary: Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a disease of children, particularly affecting the brain and the skin. There is a close link between AGS and increased amounts of a chemical called interferon. Normally humans only produce interferon when they are infected with a virus. In AGS, there is no viral infection. Instead, the cells in the cells of affected patients are confused into thinking that their ...

What are the Latest Advances for AIDS Dysmorphic Syndrome?
72 weeks post-partum follow-up of dolutegravir versus efavirenz initiated in late pregnancy (DolPHIN-2): an open-label, randomised controlled study.
HIV, Placental Lesions, and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes.
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Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence and Prenatal Alcohol Use among Women Who Are Pregnant with HIV in South Africa.