The maturation of GABAA receptor-mediated signaling from depolarizing to inhibitory is an age-related process controlled by cation chloride cotransporters, such as KCC2. As a result, GABA exerts dual functions, being an important neurotrophic factor during early development and the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter of the mature central nervous system. In our laboratory we have been investigating the age and mechanisms through which early life stressors and seizures may disrupt the normal patterns of brain development, by disrupting the neurotrophic effects of GABA. We are also studying methods to reverse these adverse processes. Furthermore, we are very interested in understanding how epileptogenesis proceeds in the developing brain and what is the specific role of GABAA receptors in this process. Dr. Galanopoulou is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, and Epilepsy.

Solomon L. Moshé, MD, is Vice Chair of Neurology, Director of the Isabelle Rapin Child Neurology Division and Director of Clinical Neurophysiology at Montefiore. He is also the Charles Frost Chair in Neurosurgery and Neurology, Vice Chair, Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, and Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pediatrics at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Einstein). Dr. Moshé’s clinical focus is on epilepsy and electroencephalography with special emphasis on age-related influences on the expression, control and consequences of seizures. Dr. Moshe is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, and Epilepsy.

Elissa G. Yozawitz, MD, is Director of Neonatal Neurology at Children’s Hospital at Montefiore Einstein and Professor of Neurology and Pediatrics at our Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Yozawitz focuses on the neurological management of children, from the neonatal period through adolescence, particularly those with difficult-to-treat seizures. She also specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke and seizures in the newborn. Dr. Yozawitz’s expertise includes electroencephalography (EEG) and state-of-the-art treatments. Dr. Yozawitz is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Epilepsy in Children, Spasmus Nutans, and Epilepsy.

Zachary Grinspan is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Pediatrics provider in New York, New York. Dr. Grinspan is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Epilepsy in Children, West Syndrome, Epilepsy, and Spasmus Nutans.

Orrin Devinsky is a Neurologist and a General Surgeon in New York, New York. Dr. Devinsky is rated as a Distinguished provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Myoclonic Epilepsy, Dravet Syndrome, Seizures, Epilepsy, and Deep Brain Stimulation.

Eric Molho is a Neurologist in Albany, New York. Dr. Molho is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Movement Disorders, Parkinson's Disease, Drug Induced Dyskinesia, Focal Dystonia, and Deep Brain Stimulation.

Stephen Briggs is a Neurologist in Bronx, New York. Dr. Briggs has been practicing medicine for over 10 years and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Epilepsy, and Epilepsy in Children.

Steven B. Schwartzberg, M.D., is a fellowship-trained, board-certified pediatric neurologist at Orlin & Cohen, distinguished for his compassionate care and expertise. With over three decades of experience, Dr. Schwartzberg is known for his exceptional diagnostic and treatment skills, helping to improve the lives of countless children with neurological disorders.Dr. Schwartzberg earned his medical degree with honors and has been continuously learning and specializing in his field ever since. He completed his internship and residency in pediatrics at the Albert Einstein Hospital Montefiore Medical Center and then pursued subspecialty training in pediatric neurology at SUNY Downstate Medical Center. Dr. Schwartzberg has contributed extensively to his field through his research, which includes internationally recognized publications on diverse facets of pediatric medicine.In addition to his clinical practice and academic pursuits, Dr. Schwartzberg is dedicated to shaping the future of pediatric neurology through education and mentorship. He serves as an assistant professor of clinical neurology at SUNY Health Science Center in Brooklyn, where he plays a crucial role in guiding and inspiring the next generation of pediatric neurologists. Dr. Schwartzberg is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Corpus Callosum Dysgenesis Hypopituitarism, Subcortical Band Heterotopia, Periventricular Heterotopia, and Focal or Multifocal Malformations in Neuronal Migration.

Richard Simmons is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in Clifton Park, New York. Dr. Simmons is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Autism Spectrum Disorder, Stereotypic Movement Disorder, Spasmus Nutans, and Myotonia Congenita.

Satyanarayana Narasimhadevara is a primary care provider, practicing in Internal Medicine in Poughkeepsie, New York. Dr. Narasimhadevara is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Epilepsy, Spasmus Nutans, Progeria, Werner Syndrome, and Ureteroscopy.

Mohammad Qasaymeh is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in Amherst, New York. Dr. Qasaymeh has been practicing medicine for over 18 years and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Migraine, Tourette Syndrome, Migraine with Brainstem Aura, and Concussion.

Glenn Castaneda is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in Poughkeepsie, New York. Dr. Castaneda is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Asperger's Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorder, GAPO Syndrome, and Spasmus Nutans.

Anna Alshansky is a Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics specialist and a Neurologist in Yorktown Hts, New York. Dr. Alshansky is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Transient Tic Disorder, Tension Headache, Spasmus Nutans, and Stereotypic Movement Disorder.

Shannon Dean is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Pediatrics provider in Rochester, New York. Dr. Dean is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Stereotypic Movement Disorder, Tourette Syndrome, Transient Tic Disorder, and Conversion Disorder. Dr. Dean is currently accepting new patients.

Hillary Raynes is a Neurologist and a Pediatrics provider in New York, New York. Dr. Raynes is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Autism Spectrum Disorder, Krabbe Disease, Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), and Seizures.

Laurie Seltzer is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in Potsdam, New York. Dr. Seltzer is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Myoclonic Epilepsy, and Epilepsy in Children.

John Pugh is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in Albany, New York. Dr. Pugh is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are HNRNPH2-Related Disorder, Ohdo Syndrome, Say-Barber-Biesecker-Young-Simpson Variant, Photosensitive Epilepsy, and Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.

Jennifer Mcvige is a Neurologist in Orchard Park, New York. Dr. Mcvige is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Migraine, Chiari Malformation Type 1, Chiari Malformation, and Brain Herniation.

"Past work experience:Director of Pediatric Epielpsy Surgery ProgramKosair Children's HospitalLoiusville, KYI was instrumental in establishing a pediatric epilepsy surgery program for the first time at Kosair Children's Hospital. I played a key role in more than twelve successful epilepsy surgeries for a variety of indications.Clinical InterestsIntractable Pediatric Epilepsy, Surgical management of epilepsyRecent Publications:Book Chapter: ""Pediatric Epilepsy: A Century of Discovery"" by Shefali Karkare. Dr. Karkare is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Epilepsy, and Absence Seizure.

Emma Laureta is a Pediatric Neurologist in Lake Success, New York. Dr. Laureta is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Seizures, Epilepsy Juvenile Absence, and Epilepsy.