The maturation of GABAA receptor-mediated signaling from depolarizing to inhibitory is an age-related process controlled by cation chloride cotransporters, such as KCC2. As a result, GABA exerts dual functions, being an important neurotrophic factor during early development and the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter of the mature central nervous system. In our laboratory we have been investigating the age and mechanisms through which early life stressors and seizures may disrupt the normal patterns of brain development, by disrupting the neurotrophic effects of GABA. We are also studying methods to reverse these adverse processes. Furthermore, we are very interested in understanding how epileptogenesis proceeds in the developing brain and what is the specific role of GABAA receptors in this process. Dr. Galanopoulou is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, and Epilepsy.

Solomon L. Moshé, MD, is Vice Chair of Neurology, Director of the Isabelle Rapin Child Neurology Division and Director of Clinical Neurophysiology at Montefiore. He is also the Charles Frost Chair in Neurosurgery and Neurology, Vice Chair, Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, and Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pediatrics at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Einstein). Dr. Moshé’s clinical focus is on epilepsy and electroencephalography with special emphasis on age-related influences on the expression, control and consequences of seizures. Dr. Moshe is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Post-Traumatic Epilepsy, and Epilepsy.

Elissa G. Yozawitz, MD, is Director of Neonatal Neurology at Children’s Hospital at Montefiore Einstein and Professor of Neurology and Pediatrics at our Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Yozawitz focuses on the neurological management of children, from the neonatal period through adolescence, particularly those with difficult-to-treat seizures. She also specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke and seizures in the newborn. Dr. Yozawitz’s expertise includes electroencephalography (EEG) and state-of-the-art treatments. Dr. Yozawitz is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Epilepsy in Children, Spasmus Nutans, and Epilepsy.

Zachary Grinspan is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Pediatrics provider in New York, New York. Dr. Grinspan is rated as an Elite provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Epilepsy in Children, West Syndrome, Epilepsy, and Spasmus Nutans.

Orrin Devinsky is a Neurologist and a General Surgeon in New York, New York. Dr. Devinsky is rated as a Distinguished provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Myoclonic Epilepsy, Dravet Syndrome, Seizures, Epilepsy, and Deep Brain Stimulation.

Stephen Briggs is a Neurologist in Bronx, New York. Dr. Briggs has been practicing medicine for over 10 years and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are West Syndrome, Spasmus Nutans, Epilepsy, and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS).

Jonathan M. Gursky, MD, is an Attending Physician at Montefiore and Assistant Professor of Neurology at our Albert Einstein College of Medicine. His clinical focus is on the diagnosis and treatment of adults and adolescents with epilepsy and seizure disorders. Dr. Gursky is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, West Syndrome, and Epilepsy.

Li Kan is a Pediatrics specialist and a Pediatric Neurologist in Flushing, New York. Dr. Kan is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Transient Tic Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Absence Seizure, and Epilepsy Juvenile Absence.

Judith Bluvstein is a Pediatric Neurologist in New York, New York. Dr. Bluvstein is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Seizures, Myoclonic Epilepsy, West Syndrome, and Epilepsy.

Stephan Bickel is a Neurologist in Great Neck, New York. Dr. Bickel is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Epilepsy, Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, and West Syndrome.

Juliann Paolicchi is a Pediatric Neurologist in Hackensack, New Jersey. Dr. Paolicchi is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS), and Epilepsy.

Shlomo Shinnar is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in Bronx, New York. Dr. Shinnar is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Genetic Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus (GEFS+), Status Epilepticus, Seizures, and Epilepsy.

Jennifer Genuardi is a primary care provider, practicing in Pediatrics and Internal Medicine in Bronx, New York. Dr. Genuardi is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Chlamydia, High Cholesterol, Hypertension, and Glucocorticoid-Remediable Aldosteronism.

Danielle Brigham is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in New York, New York. Dr. Brigham is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Memory Loss, and Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.

Arezou Heshmati is a Pediatric Neurologist and a Neurologist in New York, New York. Dr. Heshmati is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Autism Spectrum Disorder, Aphantasia, Seizures, and Spasmus Nutans.

Sonam Verma is a Neurologist in New York, New York. Dr. Verma is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Seizures, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Landau-Kleffner Syndrome, and Memory Loss.

Maria Duran is a Neurologist in Elmhurst, New York. Dr. Duran is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Increased Head Circumference, Microcephaly, Microcephaly with Spastic Quadriplegia, and Zika Virus Disease.

Steven Wolf is a Pediatrics provider in New York, New York. Dr. Wolf is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. His top areas of expertise are Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS), Epilepsy, Seizures, Thrombectomy, and Deep Brain Stimulation.

Erica Fernandes is a Medical Genetics specialist and a Pediatrics provider in New Hyde Park, New York. Dr. Fernandes is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Microcephaly, Chromosome 13q Deletion, Bowen-Conradi Syndrome, and Floating-Harbor Syndrome.

Annie Roliz is a Pediatric Neurologist in New Hyde Park, New York. Dr. Roliz is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Spasmus Nutans. Her top areas of expertise are Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Seizures, Genetic Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus (GEFS+), and Absence Seizure.